Bottle Capping Systems

ABSTRACT

A pump dispenser has a large ergonomic actuator designed to ergonomically deliver a composition to a substrate in the consumer&#39;s hand without the consumer having to pick up the pump dispenser. The ergonomic design allows the composition to be delivered in a proper aspect ratio to the substrate. The composition can be delivered in such a way that the composition is not aerosolized into the air or delivered to an unintended surface. The method of delivery can be made intuitive to the consumer by providing an actuator skirt that suggests the pumping mechanism or by providing a depiction of a hand or substrate over the pump dispenser. The pump dispenser is also useful for compositions or substrates that are not stable together. The pump dispenser may be designed with refill bottle capping systems such that only certain refill bottles may fit into the pump dispenser.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to bottle capping systems, and, moreparticularly, to bottle capping systems for use with refill bottles ofpump dispensing packages.

2. Description of the Related Art

Consumers have traditionally applied cleaning and disinfectingcompositions by spraying on a surface and wiping with a paper towel orby adding a cleaner to a sponge, activating with water, wiping with thesponge, and rinsing the sponge. This procedure is inefficient becausethe consumer must go through several cleaning steps.

Current dispensers are not adequate for one hand application of cleaningand disinfecting compositions to cleaning substrates such as papertowels. Dispensers such as trigger sprayers or pump dispensers generallyrequire one hand to hold and activate the dispenser and one hand to holdthe cleaning substrates. Existing pump-up dispensers that can beergonomically operated with the same hand that holds the cleaningsubstrate have small actuators that require the hand and substrate to becontracted into a ball in order to activate the dispenser.

Wet disinfectant or cleaning wipes, such as described in U.S. Pat. No.6,716,805 to Sherry et al., are becoming increasingly popular for theirconvenience in combining a nonwoven, disposable substrate with adisinfecting or cleaning solution. Soap-loaded disposable dish cloths,as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,652,869 to Suazon et al., are alsopopular for their convenience. These products combine the cleaningsolution and the cleaning substrate in one system so that the consumercan perform the cleaning task with one hand and with one product.However, these systems have some drawbacks such as requiring wateractivation of a dry substrate or requiring a sealed packaging for a wetsubstrate.

To overcome these problems of cleaning systems and cleaning products,the cleaning device and cleaning system of the present invention isdesigned to allow the consumer to conveniently apply a cleaning ordisinfecting composition to a substrate with one hand and in acontrolled manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the above objects and those that will be mentionedand will become apparent below, one aspect of the present inventioncomprises a capping system having a male part having circumferentiallydiscontinuous threads, the circumferentially discontinuous threadscreating an outer perimeter cross-sectional shape on the male part; afemale part having an opening with an inner perimeter shape the same asthe outer perimeter cross-sectional shape on the male part.

In accordance with the above objects and those that will be mentionedand will become apparent below, another aspect of the present inventioncomprises a capping system having a male part having threads and a malediscontinuity, the male part having an outer perimeter cross-sectionalshape; the male discontinuity selected from the group consisting of atruncation and a channel; a female part having a female discontinuityselected from the group consisting of a wedge and a protrusion.

In accordance with the above objects and those that will be mentionedand will become apparent below, another aspect of the present inventioncomprises a bottle capping system having a male part including a hollowtube with at least two projections extending therefrom; a female parthaving an opening in a bottom inside diameter of the female part, theopening sized to allow the projections and the hollow tube of the malepart to pass therethrough, thereby allowing threads of the male part toengage with threads of the female part.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the accompanying drawings that form part of the specification, and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout thesame,

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, exploded, perspective view of the packageillustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 7A is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 7B is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention showing a sponge sitting on top of thepackage;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump dispensingpackage of the present invention, and the package is shown assembled ina condition prior to use;

FIG. 9 shows the one-handed use of the package with a paper towel;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the pump dispenserof the present invention taken generally along the plane 10-10 in FIG.1.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are perspective views of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of FIGS. 11A and11B fitting together;

FIGS. 12A and 12B are perspective views of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIG. 12C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of FIGS. 12A and12B fitting together;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are perspective views of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of FIGS. 12A and12B fitting together;

FIGS. 14A and 14B are perspective views of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows three cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a refillclosure of the present invention.

FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C and 17D show cross-sectional views of embodiments offluid distribution systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many differentforms, this specification and the accompanying drawings disclose onlysome specific forms as examples of the invention. The invention is notintended to be limited to the embodiments so described. It is also to beunderstood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose ofdescribing particular embodiments of the invention only, and is notintended to limit the scope of the invention in any manner. The scope ofthe invention is pointed out in the appended claims.

For ease of description, the components of this invention and thecontainer employed with the components of this invention are describedin the normal (upright) operating position, and terms such as upper,lower, horizontal, etc., are used with reference to this position. Itwill be understood, however, that the components embodying thisinvention may be manufactured, stored, transported, used, and sold in anorientation other than the position described.

Figures illustrating the components of this invention and the containershow some conventional mechanical elements that are known and that willbe recognized by one skilled in the art. The detailed descriptions ofsuch elements are not necessary to an understanding of the invention,and accordingly, are herein presented only to the degree necessary tofacilitate an understanding of the novel features of the presentinvention.

All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein, whethersupra or infra, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entiretyto the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patentapplication was specifically and individually indicated to beincorporated by reference.

As used herein and in the claims, the term “comprising” is inclusive oropen-ended and does not exclude additional unrecited elements,compositional components, or method steps. Accordingly, the term“comprising” encompasses the more restrictive terms “consistingessentially of” and “consisting of”.

It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appendedclaims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referentsunless the content clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example,reference to a “surfactant” includes two or more such surfactants.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill inthe art to which the invention pertains. Although a number of methodsand materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can beused in the practice of the present invention, the preferred materialsand methods are described herein.

In the application, effective amounts are generally those amounts listedas the ranges or levels of ingredients in the descriptions, which followhereto. All percentages, ratios and proportions are by weight, and alltemperatures are in degrees Celsius (° C.), unless otherwise specified.All measurements are in SI units, unless otherwise specified. Unlessotherwise stated, amounts listed in percentage (“%'s”) are in weightpercent (based on 100% active) of the cleaning composition alone. Itshould be understood that every limit given throughout thisspecification will include every lower, or higher limit, as the case maybe, as if such lower or higher limit was expressly written herein. Everyrange given throughout this specification will include every narrowerrange that falls within such broader range, as if such narrower rangeswere all expressly written herein.

The term “surfactant”, as used herein, is meant to mean and include asubstance or compound that reduces surface tension when dissolved inwater or water solutions, or that reduces interfacial tension betweentwo liquids, or between a liquid and a solid. The term “surfactant” thusincludes anionic, nonionic, cationic and/or amphoteric agents.

The composition can be used as a disinfectant, sanitizer, and/orsterilizer. As used herein, the term “disinfect” shall mean theelimination of many or all pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces withthe exception of bacterial endospores. As used herein, the term“sanitize” shall mean the reduction of contaminants in the inanimateenvironment to levels considered safe according to public healthordinance, or that reduces the bacterial population by significantnumbers where public health requirements have not been established. Anat least 99% reduction in bacterial population within a 24 hour timeperiod is deemed “significant.” As used herein, the term “sterilize”shall mean the complete elimination or destruction of all forms ofmicrobial life and which is authorized under the applicable regulatorylaws to make legal claims as a “Sterilant” or to have sterilizingproperties or qualities.

As used herein, the term “polymer” generally includes, but is notlimited to, homopolymers, copolymers, such as for example, block, graft,random and alternating copolymers, terpolymers, etc. and blends andmodifications thereof Furthermore, unless otherwise specificallylimited, the term “polymer” shall include all possible geometricalconfigurations of the molecule. These configurations include, but arenot limited to isotactic, syndiotactic and random symmetries.

The term “plastic” is defined herein as any polymeric material that iscapable of being shaped or molded, with or without the application ofheat. Usually plastics are a homo-polymer or co-polymer that of highmolecular weight. Plastics fitting this definition include, but are notlimited to, polyolefins, polyesters, nylon, vinyl, acrylic,polycarbonates, polystyrene, and polyurethane.

The terms “standard threads” and “non-standard threads” are definedherein to refer to distinguish threads found on conventional items suchas beverage bottles and food jars (standard threads) from the threads ofthe capping systems of the present invention (non-standard threads).Typically, male and female parts having standard threads may be broughttogether regardless of their relative orientations and twisted to engagetheir respective threads. Non-standard threads, on the other hand, mayrequire a specific orientation when to bring together the male andfemale parts prior to twisting to engage their threads.

Package

FIG. 1 illustrates a package 20 employing an actuator 24, a pumpassembly 26, and a dip tube 28 installed on a container 22. In thisembodiment, the container 22 is transparent and contains a cleaningcomposition 21.

FIG. 2 illustrates a typical pump assembly 26 that may be employed onthe container 22 and which is adapted to be mounted in the neck 23 ofthe container 22. The exterior of the container neck 23 typicallydefines the threads 32 for engaging the closure (not shown) as describedin detail hereinafter. The threads 32 define a connection featureadjacent the container mouth 30. Other connection features may beemployed in cooperation with mating or cooperating connection featureson the closure, and such other connection features could be a snap-fitbead and groove arrangement or other conventional or special connectionfeatures, including non-releasable connection features such as adhesive,thermal bonding, staking, etc.

A part of the pump assembly 26 may extend into the container opening ormouth 30. The pump assembly 26 may be of any suitable conventional orspecial type. With a typical conventional pump assembly 26, the bottomend of the pump assembly 26 is attached to a conventional dip tube 28,and the upper end of the pump assembly projects above the container neck23. The pump assembly 26 includes an outwardly projecting flange 36 forsupporting the pump assembly 26 on the container neck 23 over aconventional sealing gasket 38 which is typically employed between thepump assembly flange 36 and container neck 23. Other sealing designs,such as plug seals, can be used in place of a gasket. The hollow stem ortube 40 establishes communication between the pump chamber (not shown)within the pump assembly 26 and an actuator 24 which is mounted to theupper end of the tube 40.

The actuator 24 defines a discharge passage 44 (FIG. 10) through whichthe product from the stem or tube 40 is discharged. The actuator 24 hasa hand-and-substrate engageable region (FIG. 9) and can be depressed bythe user's hand containing a substrate to move the stem 40 downwardly(FIG. 10) in the pump assembly 26 to dispense fluid from the pumpassembly 26. The fluid is pressurized in the pump chamber and exits fromthe actuator orifices 25 (FIG. 2) in the actuator 24.

It will be appreciated that the particular design of the pump assembly26 may be of any suitable design for pumping a product from thecontainer 22 (with or without a dip tube 28) and out through the stem40. The detailed design and construction of the pump assembly 26 per seforms no part of the present invention except to the extent that thepump assembly 26 is adapted to be suitably mounted and held on thecontainer by a closure with a suitable mounting system.

While the present invention may be practiced with spray or liquid pumpsof many different designs, the internal design configuration of onesuitable pump is generally disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,986,453, thedisclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference thereto.It should be understood, however, that the present invention is suitablefor use with a variety of hand-operable pumps.

Container

The dispensing package (FIG. 5) can comprise a container 22 having acontainer bottom 51; a container sleeve 52 coupled to said containerbottom 51 and depending upwardly from the peripheral edge of saidcontainer bottom 51; an actuator 24 having an actuator top 72 and anactuator skirt 76 coupled to the actuator top 72 and dependingdownwardly from the peripheral edge of said actuator top 72; a pumpassembly 26 (FIG. 2) having a hollow stem 40 and the pump assembly 26disposed within the container 22 and in fluid communication with theactuator 24; wherein the actuator 24 has at least one discharge orifice25 in fluid communication with the stem 40 of the pump assembly 26 topermit liquid to flow on to a top surface 74 (FIG. 7A) of the actuatortop 72 upon reciprocation of the actuator top 72, and wherein a sleeveinterior surface of the container sleeve 52 is slideably engagable witha skirt exterior surface 77 of the actuator skirt 76 (FIG. 5).

The container can have a variety of shapes. The container can be round(FIG. 3) or oval (FIG. 4) or rectangular with rounded corners (FIG. 7A).The container dimensions can be measured from a horizontal slice 75(FIG. 7A). The container can be made from plastic materials. Thecontainer, and other components of the dispenser package, can beconstructed of any of the conventional material employed in fabricatingcontainers, including, but not limited to: polyethylene; polypropylene;polyacetal; polycarbonate; polyethyleneterephthalate; polyvinylchloride; polystyrene; blends of polyethylene, vinyl acetate, and rubberelastomer. Other materials can include stainless steel and glass. Asuitable container is made of clear material, e.g., polyethyleneterephthalate.

Actuator

The ergonomic shape of the actuator makes the actuator easy to pump witha substrate such as paper towel or sponge, and to operate using onehand. One measure of the actuator shape is a vertical projection 71(FIG. 7A) of the top surface 74 of the actuator top 72, where a verticalprojection is a projection onto the horizontal plane. The verticalprojection 71 has a length 78 and a width 79. The aspect ratio is theratio of the length to the width. For a circle, the aspect ratio wouldbe 1. Unless the hand or the substrate in the hand is severelycompressed, then both the hand and substrate would have an aspect ratiogreater than 1. In order to ergonomically apply the composition to thesubstrate in the hand, in some embodiments of the invention it would bedesirable for the actuator and or the pattern of orifices to have anaspect ratio greater than 1. The vertical projection of the actuator topcan have an aspect ratio of greater than 1, or greater than 1.1, orgreater than 1.2, or greater than 1.5, or at least 1.1, or at least 1.2,or at least 1.5, or less than 2, or less than 1.5. In order to provide alarge surface for one-handed use of the dispensing package, in someembodiments, the actuator top size can be approximately the same size orlarger than the container. The actuator top size can be larger than thewidth of two fingers for easy ergonomic use with a cleaning substrate.The vertical projection of the actuator top length can be larger thanabout 1.5 inches, or from 2 to 10 inches, or from 2 to 8 inches, or from2 to 5 inches, or from 2 to 3 inches, or from 2.5 to 8 inches, or from2.5 to 5 inches, or from 2.5 to 3 inches. The vertical projection of theactuator top can have an area of greater than 2 square inches, greaterthan 5 square inches, greater than 6 square inches, greater than 7square inches, greater than 8 square inches, greater than 10 squareinches, less than 8 square inches, less than 10 square inches, or lessthan 20 square inches. For use with a semi-rigid rectangular substrate,for example a sponge, the actuator top can be approximately the samesize or somewhat smaller than a standard rectangular sponge, for exampleabout 2.5 by about 4.5 inches. The vertical projection of the topsurface of the actuator top can have at least one dimension that isgreater than the corresponding dimension of any horizontal slice 75 ofthe container (FIG. 7A). The vertical projection of the top surface ofthe actuator top can have at least one dimension that is greater thanthe corresponding dimension of any horizontal slice 75 of the actuatorskirt (FIG. 7A).

The actuator can have a concave shape that is round (FIG. 3, FIG. 6),oval (FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 8), a rectangular with rounded corners (FIG.7A), elliptical, or other shape that fits the hand, a sponge, or othersubstrate. The concave shape allows the capture or excess compositionwithout dripping. In certain embodiments, it may be desirable to allowpools of the composition to collect in the actuator top 42 (FIG. 4)during use. The actuator can have a rim 41 to prevent spillage. Incertain embodiments, it may be useful for the actuator to be flat orconvex for ergonomic effectiveness with certain substrates.

The actuator can individually be adapted to the respective requirementswith regard to the direction of the dispensing opening as well as withregard to the use of opening valves. The actuator is not limited tohaving a dispensing opening which is moved together with a dispensingkey, but it may also comprise an actuator of the type having astationary dispensing opening. The actuator may have a surface thatengages the container and is internal (FIG. 4) or external (FIG. 6, FIG.8) to the container.

Actuator Skirt

The actuator skirt can be indented from the actuator top (FIG. 7A). Theactuator skirt dimensions can be measured from a horizontal slice of theactuator skirt 76. Because this dispenser package may be unfamiliar toconsumers, it may be necessary to provide a consumer cue on how to usethe dispenser package by pushing down on the actuator. Therefore, beforeactivation of the package, it may be desirable that a portion of theactuator skirt is visible to a user of the package thereby providingoperational indicia to the user of the package. This provides a consumercue to push down on the actuator. It may be desirable that beforeactivation, the visible portion of the actuator skirt has a verticaldimension 43 (FIG. 4) of about one-eighth inch, at least one-eighthinch, or at least one-quarter inch, or at least one-half inch, or atleast one inch. By the same notion, it may be desirable that afterdownward activation of the package, the actuator top extends beyond thecircumference of the container (FIG. 7A). An actuator skirt that isindented from the actuator top or is a different color from the actuatortop or the container may provide a consumer cue as to how to use thedispensing container.

Actuator Orifices

The package can have one or more openings or orifices 25 situated on theactuator 24 (FIG. 2). The orifice can be a small or large, round, slitor other suitable shape. The orifice or orifices can be centered in theactuator. Because the actuator is enlarged, the orifice or orifices canbe located away from the edge of the actuator to prevent, for example,spilling the composition. The actuator top can have multiple orificesand the orifices can be indented from the exterior edge of the topsurface of the actuator top. The actuator top can have multiple orificeswherein the pattern of orifices has an aspect ratio of at least 1.5, orgreater than 1, or greater than 1.1, or greater than 1.2or greater than1.5, or at least 1.1, or at least 1.2, or less than 2, or less than 1.5.Where the pattern of orifices has an aspect ratio of at least 1.5, thenthe composition can be applied to the substrate in an area having anaspect ratio of at least 1.5, or greater than 1, or greater than 1.1, orgreater than 1.2, or greater than 1.5, or at least 1.1, or at least 1.2,or less than 2, or less than 1.5. When for example the actuator top islarge and has multiple orifices, the actuator can apply at least 0.3 mlof the composition (or other volume) to the substrate in an area ofgreater than 2 square inches and less than 20 square inches, or an areaof greater than 4 square inches, greater than 5 square inches, greaterthan 6 square inches, greater than 7 square inches, greater than 8square inches, greater than 10 square inches, less than 8 square inches,less than 10 square inches, or less than 20 square inches.

Delivery Volume

The delivery or application volume should give satisfactory delivery ofthe composition in one stroke of the actuator component. For consumerflexibility, the consumer may also use more than one stroke of theactuator component for the treatment of large areas or heavy cleaningtasks. A suitable delivery volume is 0.1 to 5 ml, or 0.1 to 1 ml, or 0.1to 0.5 ml, or 0.3 to 0.5 ml, or 0.3 to 1 ml, or 0.5 ml to 5 ml, or 0.5to 1 ml, or 1 to 5 ml, or 1 to 2 ml, or about 0.3 ml, or about 0.7 ml.

Locking Means/Cover

The dispensing package may have a flip-top cover as described in U.S.Pat. No. 6,953,297 to Dobbs et al. The dispensing package may have aretractable cover as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,223,951 to Siegel etal. The dispensing package may have a rotatable or removeable sleeve toprevent actuation as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,543,649 to Danielo etal. The dispensing package may have a rotative locking mechanism or aremovable anti-rotative lock as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,299 toHarriman.

Durable or Disposable Package

The package may be disposable and designed for one use and not designedto be refillable. In this embodiment, the actuator and/or pump assemblymay be fused to the container, for example with spot welding.

The package may be durable and able to be refillable. In one embodiment,the package is refilled by pouring additional composition into thecontainer through a neck opening in the container. In one embodiment, adurable pump assembly and actuator is attached to a disposable containerassembly containing a composition. In one embodiment, a durable pumpassembly, actuator and container assembly is adapted to allow attachmentof a refill container.

Refill Assembly

In some embodiments, the dispenser package can be refilled with a refillassembly. In order to prevent attaching a refill that may beinappropriate for the actuator or the intended use, in some embodimentsthe refill is designed to have novel characteristics. For example, therefill assembly may be coupled to the actuator using a non-standardclosure. In one embodiment, either a rigid cartridge or flexible pouchis inserted into a rigid container with some mechanism to attach thepump and actuator. The attachment mechanism can be, for example, thatthe pump and actuator is inserted into a refill with a film seal, forexample as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,269,976 to DeJonge whichdescribes a puncture spike with a dip tube guide. In another embodiment,the refill assembly has a restricted neck to discourage refilling by theconsumer.

In another embodiment, the refill assembly has a non-standard closure,such as non-standard neck threads or tabs, so that a standard threadedclosure cannot be used. One example is a key hole closure which in oneembodiment comprises a threaded female fitting, modified so a completelythreaded male fitting can not be engaged in the female fitting, and amatching male fitting. In one embodiment of the key hole closure of thepresent invention, a first part may have a restriction that creates afirst cross-sectional shape. The second part may have a secondcross-sectional shape that corresponds to the first cross-sectionalshape. The first part may be a male fitting having circumferentiallydiscontinuous threads, the circumferentially discontinuous threadscreating an outer perimeter cross-sectional shape on the male part. Thesecond part may be a female fitting having an opening with an innerperimeter shape the same as the outer perimeter cross-sectional shape onthe male part. In another embodiment, a capping system may include amale part and a female part. The male part may have threads and a malediscontinuity defining an outer perimeter cross-sectional shape. Themale discontinuity may, for example, be a truncation or a channel, ormay be formed when the threads on the male part are formed on separatedprojections extending from the male part (as described with reference toFIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C below), as described in further detail below. Thefemale part may have a female discontinuity which may be, for example, awedge, a protrusion, or an opening.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show one embodiment of a key hole closure design ofthe present invention. Threads 80 on a male part 82 of a bottle 83 havebeen truncated on four sides (only one side is shown in FIG. 11A). Afemale part 84 has four wedges 86 added at the bottom 88 of the skirt 90to provide a partially squared opening that matches the cross section ofthe threaded portion 92 of the male part 82 with enough clearancebetween the inside diameter of the female part 84 and the outsidediameter of the male part 82 such that the male part 82 can be easilyinserted into the female part 84 until the male threads 80 start toengage the female threads 81. Moreover, enough non-threaded space 94 onthe male part 82 may be necessary so that the male threads 80 may mateand engage with the female threads 81 of the female part 84. At thatpoint the threads 80 have cleared the wedges 86 so the two parts 82, 84can be screwed together. The threaded female part 84, such as a bottleclosure, has an extended skirt 90 that can be long enough so that thematching male part 82 can be pushed into the female part 84 far enoughto clear the wedges 86 before the threads 80 and 81 start to engage. Thefemale threads 81 can be continuous. The female part 84 may be a cap,closure or may be formed as part of a pump dispenser. In the latterexample, a consumer may purchase the bottle 83 having the female part 84thereupon acting as a closure or uses a standard closure that does nothave wedges 86. A fully threaded male part 82 will not work with thedescribed female part 84 but the described male part 82 may work with astandard female closure. When the closure is removed, the consumer mayattach the bottle 83 (and male part 82) into a pump dispenser (notshown) that has a receiving member with the same design as the femalepart 84. This prevents bottles that do not have the appropriate malepart modification (such as truncations 96) from fitting into the pumpdispenser.

While the embodiment shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B shows the male part82 being truncated on four sides (and the corresponding female part 84with four corresponding wedges 86), the present invention contemplatesany number of truncations/wedges, so long as the male part 82 may fitinto the female part 84. For example, two truncations/wedges may beformed on the male part 82 and the female part 84, respectively.Moreover, the truncations/wedges need not be symmetrical, as shown inFIG. 11B, but rather, the truncations/wedges may be formed in otherpatterns about each of the male and female parts 82, 84.

Truncations 96 may have a length 98 (and, consequently, the wedges 86have approximately the same length 98) long enough to prevent male parts82 from being threaded with mismatched female parts 84. However,truncations 96 may be formed short enough so as not to interfere withthe threading of appropriately matched male and female parts 82, 84.Typically, the truncations 96 may have a length 98 that is from about 2%to about 20% of the circumference of the male part 82. The truncations96 may be formed in at depth sufficient to prevent male parts 82 frombeing threaded with mismatched female parts 84. For example, thetruncations 96 may be formed at a full depth of the threads 100 as shownin FIG. 11A.

FIG. 11C shows the joining of the male part 82 and the female part 84.In order to place the female part 84 on the male part 82, the wedges 86of the female part 84 should be aligned with the truncations 96 of themale part 82. As the male part 82 and the female part 86 are threadedtogether, the wedges 86 may turn about the clearance 94 provided on themale part 82.

FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B show another embodiment of a key hole closuredesign according to the present invention. A modification to the threads100 in this case is a vertical channel 102 on one face only of the malepart 104. The matching female part 118 has a protrusion 108 that mustslide through the channel 102 on the male part 104 before the threads100 engage. The threaded female part 118, such as a bottle closure, hasan extended skirt 110 that may be long enough so that the matching malepart 104 can be pushed into the female part 118 far enough to clear theprotrusion 108 before the threads 100 start to engage with the femalethreads 101.

While the embodiment in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B shows one protrusion 108and channel 102, other numbers of protrusions 108 and channels 102 maybe used, so long as the male part 104 may fit into the female part 118.For example, from two to four protrusions 108 and channels 102 may beformed on the female part 118 and the male part 104, respectively.Moreover, the protrusions 108 and channels 102 need not be symmetrical,but rather, the protrusions 108 and channels 102 may be formed in otherpatterns about each of the male and female parts 104, 118.

The protrusion 108 may have a width 112 from about 0.05 inches to about0.50 inches, typically about 0.10 inches. The protrusion 108 may have adepth 114 that is the same or slightly (about 2-20%) less than a depth116 of the threads 100.

FIG. 12C shows the joining of the male part 104 and the female part 118.In order to place the female part 118 on the male part 104, theprotrusions 108 of the female part 118 must be aligned with the channels102 of the male part 104. As the male part 104 and the female part 118are threaded together, the protrusions 108 may turn about the clearance106 provided on the male part 104.

FIG. 11A through FIG. 12C separately describes the use of wedges 86 andtruncations 96 (FIG. 11A through FIG. 11C) or the use of protrusions 108and channels 102 (FIG. 12A through FIG. 12C). However, the presentinvention may contemplate not only the use of the embodiments describedherein separately, but also, the present invention includes the use ofmultiple embodiments as described herein. For example, a male part (notshown) may include both truncations 96 and channels 102 while acorresponding female part (not shown) may include both wedges 86 andprotrusions 108.

FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B show another embodiment of a key hole closuredesign according to the present invention. A hollow tube 121 of a malepart 122 is smaller in diameter than the threads 124, so the threads 124are formed on projections 132 from the sides 126 of the hollow tube 121.An opening 128 in a female part 130 matches the cross section of themale part 122, such that the projections 132 may fit into the opening128 in the female part 130. The threaded female part 130, such as abottle closure, has an extended skirt 134 that may be long enough sothat the matching male part 122 can be pushed into the female part 130far enough to clear the projections 132 before the threads 124, 125start to engage.

While the embodiment in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B shows two projections 132on the male part 122 with the opening in the female part 130 shaped toreceive these two projections 132, other numbers of projections 132 maybe used, so long as the male part 122 may fit into the female part 130.For example, from two to four projections 132 may be formed on the malepart 122. Moreover, the projections 132 need not be symmetrical aboutthe sides 126 of the male part 122, but rather, the projections 132 maybe formed in other patterns about the male part 122.

The male part 122 may be formed integrally with a bottle (not shown).Alternatively, the hollow tube 121 may fit into an inside diameter of abottle (not shown), such that the bottle and the male part 122 are twoseparate elements.

FIG. 13C shows the joining of the male part 122 and the female part 130.In order to place the female part 130 on the male part 122, theprojections 132 of the male part 122 should be aligned with the opening128 of the female part 130. As the male part 122 and the female part 130are threaded together, the threads 124 at the ends of the projections132 mate with the threads 136 of the female part.

In one embodiment, a flex closure has a male part with a neck of anycross section shape, which may attach to a container and be hollow toallow access to the container (FIG. 14A). One or more arms protrude fromthe side of the neck. Prior to connection with the female part, the armsof the male part angle or are curved away down. The female part has acentral opening large enough to accept the neck of the male part andallow it to rotate (FIG. 14B). The female part also has open channel(s)which allow the protruding arm(s) to be inserted into it. When thefemale part is turned relative to the male part to connect the parts,the protruding arm first passes through a slot that matches the crosssection of the arm and then engages with a ramp that bends the armsupward. The ramp flattens out when the ends of the arms are bent thedesired amount. In one embodiment, the arms are bent enough that theyend up above the channel that allowed the preceding arm to be insertedinto the female part. FIG. 14A shows one embodiment of the male part.This is a bottle fitment and the lower part has a tight fit in the neckof the bottle. There are four arms that curve downward. FIG. 14B showsthe female part. The outer surface is a cylinder and there are fourpartial cylinders on the interior. The space between the partialcylinders provides channels for the arms to enter the female part. Eachof the partial cylinders has a slot that allows the arm to be turneduntil it is inside the partial cylinder. Once the end of the arm clearsthe partial cylinder wall, the inner portion of the partial cylinderwall ramps up and bends the arms up as the male part continues to turnrelative to the female part. The male part can continue to turn untilthe arm is stopped by the wall of the next partial cylinder. At thispoint the arm is supported on an annular ring that is the flat portionof the ramp and the arm is above the entry channel for the next arm.

In one embodiment, a flip closure is a connection system with male andfemale parts (FIG. 15). The parts are pushed together along a centralaxis to make the connection. The male part has a neck of any crosssection shape parallel to the central axis. The neck can be solid orhollow and if hollow can be connected to a container and allow access tothe container. Either the male or female part has one or more armsprotruding from it and angled toward the second part before they areconnected. The second part has two or more surfaces extending radiallytoward the first part when the parts are connected. These surfaces areperpendicular enough to the central axis to keep the arms from slidingpast them. The length of the arms allows the parts to be pushed togetheruntil the arms contact one extending surface on the second part. As theparts continue to be pushed together the arms bend or rotate until theyare angled away from the direction they were initially angled and areprevented from moving by a second extending surface. The secondextending surface does not extend as far as the first surface, so thearms do not contact it until they are partially bent or rotated. Thelength of the arms is such that compression on the arms from contactwith the second part increases and then decreases as the connection ismade so that the final position of the two parts is stable. The arms areheld to the first part by one or more hinges, or are integral to thefirst part and flexible enough to bend, or the ends of the arms areprevented from sliding parallel to the central axis by surfacesextending radially toward the second part. The three drawings (FIG. 15)are cross sections of the two parts which illustrate an embodiment ofthis design where the neck is a hollow cylinder and the arms areconnected to the male part. The arms are scored where they connect tothe neck to control where they bend. The first drawing shows the partsbefore connection. The second drawing shows the parts as the armsinitially contact the first extended surface. The third drawing showsthe completed connections with the arms angled away from their initialposition and contacting the second extended surface.

In one embodiment, the fitment closure (FIG. 16) is used with a fluiddispenser that is fed from a dip tube, such as a lotion pump or triggersprayer. The dip tube, and possibly additional parts of the fluiddispenser such as the check ball, are attached to a fitment which holdsthe dip tube in place in the container which the fluid dispenser isattached to. The fitment can be attached to the container or simply heldin place between the fluid dispenser and container when they areconnected. The fitment has a means of attaching a dip tube, such as asocket the dip tube fits into or a male extension the dip tube fitsaround. The fitment also has a means of sealing it to the fluiddispenser tightly enough that fluid will pass through the dip tube whenthe fluid dispenser is actuated. The drawing shows one embodiment of thefitment design. The fitment is shown in position in a bottle neck butwithout the dip tube. The top portion of this design has a skirt sizedto friction fit in the bottle's neck. The socket at the bottom of thedrawing accepts a dip tube. The adjacent protrusion inside the fittingfits into the dip tube socket on a lotion pump.

In another embodiment, the container has a closure that is broken offwhen the consumer removes the container so that it cannot be reattached.In another embodiment, the refill has a flange and offset opening in theneck, for example as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,702,157 to Dobbs. Inother embodiment, the refill has a specifically designed vent opening tomate with the actuator pump assembly, for example the cap vent assemblyas described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,181,635 to Balderrama et al. In anotherexample, the refill container has locking rachet teeth, for example asdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,360,127 to Barriac et al.

Multiple Compartments

The package may have a swivel actuator that allows selection frommultiple compartments as described in U.S. Pat. 2003/0192913 to Preuteret al. The package may have multiple actuator components for deliveringmultiple compositions from one container having multiple compartments,for example a hard surface cleaner and a dish soap.

Fluid Distribution System

When the actuator orifices cover a large area, it may be desirable tohave a fluid distribution system to deliver the fluid from the hollowstem 40 to the orifices 25 (FIG. 2). FIG. 17A shows an embodiment of amanifold type system where channels 44 are utilized to move the fluid tothe surface with orifices 25 organized over the channel openings. In oneembodiment, the channel paths are all the same distance so that fluid isevenly distributed with every pump. FIG. 17B shows an embodiment of amanifold system having a shallow fluid reservoir 51 that collects thefluid and then a thin press pad 52 with holes squeezing or pressing thefluid out of the surface holes. FIG. 17C shows an embodiment of amanifold system having a distribution spacer 53, such as used in triggerand pump sprayers, that splits the main stream into several tiny streamsof liquid. This embodiment might include a complex push pad 52 thatallows the fine streams to escape through the holes. FIG. 17D shows anembodiment using a fine mist spray approach, similar to that commonfinger pumps utilize, but with a vertical mist. In this embodiment, theuser holds the substrate over the push pad actuator 24, pushes down andthe actuation would be a fine mist spray up onto the substrate.

Additional Functional Features

In one embodiment, additional functional characteristics designed intothe container base to offer stability and to encourage consumers toleave the product out on their counters so it is easily accessible. Inone embodiment, a means is provided to allow the container to attach tothe counter. One such example is a suction cup or other device on thebottom of the container. In addition to standing upright, for example ona counter-top, the dispenser package may be attached to a surface andused with the dispenser package orifices on the bottom, for exampleattached to the underside of kitchen cabinets.

In one embodiment, the exterior of the package dispenser is resistant tomicroorganisms. Various anti-microbial agents known in the art can beapplied the exterior surface of the package dispenser to impartvirucidal, bacterial, and/or germicidal properties thereto. Theanti-microbial agent can comprise up to 100% of the surface area of theexterior surface of the dispenser, and in some embodiments, betweenabout 10% to about 80%. The anti-microbial agent can include silverions. In certain embodiments, a silver-zeolite complex can be utilizedto provide controlled release of the anti-microbial agent. Onecommercially available example of such a time-release anti-microbialagent is sold as a fabric by HEALTH SHIELD® under the name GUARDTEX®,and is constructed from polyester and rayon and contains asilver-zeolite complex. Other suitable silver-containing microbialagents are disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent No. JP 10/259325.Moreover, in addition to silver-zeolites, other metal-containinginorganic additives can also be used in the present invention. Examplesof such additives include, but are not limited to, copper, zinc,mercury, antimony, lead, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, thallium, or othervarious additives, such as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. JP 1257124 Aand U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,602 to Totani, et al. In some embodiments, theactivity of the additive can also be increased, such as described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,900,383 to Davis, et al.

Substrate

Potential substrates or tools that consumers could use with the packagedispenser include woven or nonwoven dish cloths, sponges, paper towel,hands, facial tissue, bathroom tissue, paper, napkins, woven andnonwoven substrates, towels, wipes, and cotton balls. The packagedispenser could also be used with clothes for stain removal purposes.Suitable substrates can comprise personal, cosmetic or sanitary wipes,baby wipes, hand wipes, wipes used in car cleaning, household orinstitutional cleaning or maintenance, computer cleaning and maintenanceand any other area in which a flexible substrate having a useful liquidtreatment composition has application. These substates (tissues orwipes) can be made from simple nonwovens, complex nonwovens or treated,high-strength durable materials. The substrate can be two-sided or havea barrier so that only one side is wet with the composition upon use.Such substrates are described in U.S. Pat. App. 2005/0079987 toCartwright et al.

Compositions

The composition can contain virtually any useful liquid compositions.Simple liquids such as water, alcohol, solvent, etc. can be useful in avariety of end uses, particularly cleaning and simple wipingapplications. The liquid can be a simple cleaner, maintenance item or apersonal care liquid suitable for dermatological contact with an adult,child or infant. Such compositions can be used in hospitals, schools,offices, kitchens, secretarial stations, etc. The compositions can alsocomprise more complex liquids in the forms of solutions, suspensions oremulsions of active materials in a liquid base. In this regard, suchcompositions can be active materials dissolved in an alcoholic base,aqueous solutions, water in oil emulsions, oil in water emulsions, etc.Such compositions can be cleaning materials, sanitizing materials, orpersonal care materials intended for contact with human skin, hair,nails, etc. Cleaning compositions used generally for routine cleaningoperations not involving contact with human skin can often contain avariety of ingredients including, in aqueous or solvent base, asoil-removing surfactant, sequestrants, perfumes, etc. in relativelywell-known formulations. Sanitizing compositions can contain aqueous oralcoholic solutions containing sanitizing materials such as triclosan,hexachlorophene, betadine, quaternary ammonium compounds, oxidizingagents, acidic agents, and other similar materials. Such compositionscan be designed for treating or soothing human skin, includingmoisturizers, cleansing creams and lotions, cleansers for oily skin,deodorants, antiperspirants, baby-care products, sun block, sun screen,cosmetic-removing formula, insect repellent, etc. Moisturizer materialsare preparations that reduce water loss or the appearance of water lossfrom skin. Cleansing creams or lotions can be developed that can permitthe formulation to dissolve or lift away soil pigments, grime and deadskin cells. These creams or lotions can also be enhanced to improveremovability of makeup and other skin soils. Cleaners for oily skin areoften augmented with ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol to increase theability of the cleaner to remove excess oily residue. Deodorants andantiperspirants often contain, in an aqueous base, dispersions oremulsions comprising aluminum, zinc or zirconium compounds.

The composition may contain one or more additional surfactants selectedfrom nonionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic, amphoteric andzwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof. A typical listing ofanionic, ampholytic, and zwitterionic classes, and species of thesesurfactants, is given in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678 to Laughlin andHeuring. A list of suitable cationic surfactants is given in U.S. Pat.No. 4,259,217 to Murphy. Where present, anionic, ampholytic, amphotenicand zwitteronic surfactants are generally used in combination with oneor more nonionic surfactants. The surfactants may be present at a levelof from about 0% to 90%, or from about 0.001% to 50%, or from about0.01% to 25% by weight.

The compositions may contain suitable organic solvents including, butare not limited to, C₁₋₆ alkanols, C₁₋₆ diols, C₁₋₁₀ alkyl ethers ofalkylene glycols, C₃₋₂₄ alkylene glycol ethers, polyalkylene glycols,short chain carboxylic acids, short chain esters, isoparafinichydrocarbons, mineral spirits, alkylaromatics, terpenes, terpenederivatives, terpenoids, terpenoid derivatives, formaldehyde, andpyrrolidones. Alkanols include, but are not limited to, methanol,ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and hexanol, andisomers thereof. Diols include, but are not limited to, methylene,ethylene, propylene and butylene glycols. Alkylene glycol ethersinclude, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether,ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether,diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether,diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether,propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, propyleneglycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, di- ortri-polypropylene glycol methyl or ethyl or propyl or butyl ether,acetate and propionate esters of glycol ethers. Short chain carboxylicacids include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, glycolic acid,lactic acid and propionic acid. Short chain esters include, but are notlimited to, glycol acetate, and cyclic or linear volatilemethylsiloxanes. Water insoluble solvents such as isoparafinichydrocarbons, mineral spirits, alkylaromatics, terpenoids, terpenoidderivatives, terpenes, and terpenes derivatives can be mixed with awater-soluble solvent when employed. The solvents can be present at alevel of from 0.001% to 10%, or from 0.01% to 10%, or from 1% to 4% byweight.

The compositions optionally contain one or more of the followingadjuncts: stain and soil repellants, lubricants, odor control agents,perfumes, fragrances and fragrance release agents, and bleaching agents.Other adjuncts include, but are not limited to, acids, electrolytes,dyes and/or colorants, solubilizing materials, stabilizers, thickeners,defoamers, hydrotropes, cloud point modifiers, preservatives, and otherpolymers. The solubilizing materials, when used, include, but are notlimited to, hydrotropes (e.g. water soluble salts of low molecularweight organic acids such as the sodium and/or potassium salts oftoluene, cumene, and xylene sulfonic acid). The acids, when used,include, but are not limited to, organic hydroxy acids, citric acids,keto acid, and the like. Suitable organic acid can be selected from thegroup consisting of citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, salicylicacid, acetic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, hydroxyacetic acid,dehydroacetic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, succinicacid, propionic acid, aconitic acid, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, gluconicacid, ascorbic acid, alanine, lysine, and mixtures thereof.Electrolytes, when used, include, calcium, sodium and potassiumchloride. Thickeners, when used, include, but are not limited to,polyacrylic acid, xanthan gum, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide,alginates, guar gum, methyl, ethyl, clays, and/or propylhydroxycelluloses. Defoamers, when used, include, but are not limitedto, silicones, aminosilicones, silicone blends, and/orsilicone/hydrocarbon blends. Bleaching agents, when used, include, butare not limited to, peracids, hypohalite sources, hydrogen peroxide,and/or sources of hydrogen peroxide. When cleaning food contactsurfaces, compositions for use herein may contain only materials thatare food grade or GRAS, including, of course, direct food additivesaffirmed as GRAS, to protect against possible misuse by the consumer.

Preservatives, when used, include, but are not limited to, mildewstat orbacteriostat, methyl, ethyl and propyl parabens, short chain organicacids (e.g. acetic, lactic and/or glycolic acids), bisguanidinecompounds (e.g. Dantagard® and/or Glydant®) and/or short chain alcohols(e.g. ethanol and/or IPA). The mildewstat or bacteriostat includes, butis not limited to, mildewstats (including non-isothiazolone compounds)include Kathon® GC, a 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, Kathon®ICP, a 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and a blend thereof, and Kathon®886, a 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, all available from Rohmand Haas Company; BRONOPOL®, a 2-bromo-2-nitropropane 1, 3 diol, fromBoots Company Ltd., PROXELL® CRL, a propyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, from ICIPLC; NIPASOL® M, an o-phenyl-phenol, Na⁺ salt, from Nipa LaboratoriesLtd., DOWICIDEL® A, a 1,2-Benzoisothiazolin-3-one, from Dow ChemicalCo., and IRGASAN®DP200, a 2,4,4′-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenylether, fromCiba-Geigy A.G.

The compositions can contain antimicrobial agents, including2-hydroxycarboxylic acids and other ingredients, including quaternaryammonium compounds and phenolics. Non-limiting examples of thesequaternary compounds include benzalkonium chlorides and/or substitutedbenzalkonium chlorides, di(C6-C14)alkyl di-short chain (C 1-4 alkyland/or hydroxyalkl) quaternaryammonium salts, N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chlorides, benzethonium chloride, methylbenzethoniumchloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride. Other quaternary compoundsinclude the group consisting of dialkyldimethyl ammonium chlorides,alkyl dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides, dialkylmethyl-benzylammoniumchlorides, and mixtures thereof. Biguanide antimicrobial activesincluding, but not limited to polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride,p-chlorophenyl biguanide; 4-chlorobenzhydryl biguanide, halogenatedhexidine such as, but not limited to, chlorhexidine (1,1′-hexamethylene-bis-5-(4-chlorophenyl biguanide) and its salts are also in this class.Another class of antibacterial agents, which are useful in the presentinvention, are the so-called “natural” antibacterial actives, referredto as natural essential oils. These actives derive their names fromtheir natural occurrence in plants. Typical natural essential oilantibacterial actives include oils of anise, lemon, orange, rosemary,wintergreen, thyme, lavender, cloves, hops, tea tree, citronella, wheat,barley, lemongrass, cedar leaf, cedarwood, cinnamon, fleagrass,geranium, sandalwood, violet, cranberry, eucalyptus, vervain,peppermint, gum benzoin, basil, fennel, fir, balsam, menthol, ocmeaoriganum, Hydastis carradenisis, Berberidaceae daceae , Ratanhiae andCurcunta longa. Also included in this class of natural essential oilsare the key chemical components of the plant oils which have been foundto provide the antimicrobial benefit. These chemicals include, but arenot limited to anethol, catechole, camphene, carvacol, eugenol,eucalyptol, ferulic acid, farnesol, hinokitiol, tropolone, limonene,menthol, methyl salicylate, thymol, terpineol, verbenone, berberine,ratanhiae extract, caryophellene oxide, citronellic acid, curcumin,nerolidol and geraniol. Other suitable antimicrobial actives includeantibacterial metal salts. This class generally includes salts of metalsin groups 3b-7b, 8 and 3a-5a. Specifically are the salts of aluminum,zirconium, zinc, silver, gold, copper, lanthanum, tin, mercury, bismuth,selenium, strontium, scandium, yttrium, cerium, praseodymiun, neodymium,promethum, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium,erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium and mixtures thereof

When the composition is an aqueous composition, water can be, along withthe solvent, a predominant ingredient. The water should be present at alevel of less than 99.9%, more preferably less than about 99%, and mostpreferably, less than about 98%. Deionized water is preferred. Where thecleaning composition is concentrated, the water may be present in thecomposition at a concentration of less than about 85 wt. %.

The dispenser can be used to transfer a wide variety of compositions toa substrate. These compositions include hard surface cleaners andsanitizers, personal care cleaners and other products, hand sanitizers,dish soap, laundry pre-treater, food products such as marinades, carproducts such as cleaners or protectants, and baby care products such asbaby lotion. Also, suitable are compositions, such as hypochloriteespecially dilute (below 500 ppm) hypochlorite, that lack good stabilityon nonwoven substrates. Other examples of compositions that may lackstability are quaternary ammonium disinfectants or metal ions that canbind to nonwoven substrates.

In one embodiment, the substrate can undergo a color change or otherphysical property change during the process of application using thedispenser or during the cleaning process. These changes can includecolor change due to the addition of a colorless cleaner/disinfectant,color change due to the addition of a composition containing a dye,color change when dye is thermochromic, and changes over time as solventevaporates to cool the wipe, a color change due to reaction of solventwith a pre-bound species (e.g. transition metals) on the wipe, texturechanges in the non-woven, and the impact of the using a dyed orpatterned non-woven. The composition or substrate can incorporatesolvatochromic dyes to indicate the presence of bacteria as described inU.S. Pat. App. 2005/0130253. In one embodiment, the composition containsa dye that interacts with proteins or bacterial on surfaces to indicatewhether the surface is substantially free of soil (protein) or bacteria.In one embodiment, the soil or bacteria is detected on the substrate. Inone embodiment, the soil or bacteria is detected on the surface.Colorimetric assays utilizing sampling devices for the detection ofprotein in biological samples are commonly used across variousindustries (biotech, healthcare, food, etc). These sampling devicesrequire minimal manipulation of the protein-containing samples and allowfor rapid qualitative and quantitative results. Among the variousavailable calorimetric protein assays is one disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.4,839,295 to Smith, incorporated herein in its entirety, that utilizes aBicinchonic Acid (BCA) protein assay. This assay is based on the initialcomplexation of Copper [II], hereinafter Cu⁺⁺ or cupric ion, withprotein peptides under alkaline conditions, with the reduction to Copper[I], hereinafter Cu⁻ or the cuprous ion, in a concentration-dependentmanner. The ligand BCA is then added in excess, and a purple colordevelops (562 nm peak absorbance) upon binding of BCA with Cu⁺. Suitabledetection devices are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/397,522 to Cumberland et al. filed Apr. 3, 2006 and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/427,469 to Cumberland et al. filed Jun. 29,2006.

Methods of Use

Consumers enjoy the ease of use of the invention for reasons such as itutilizes cleaners differently, provides control such as no overspray,can be used one-handed, is compatible with wide variety of substrates,utilizes direct application so that no particles are aerosolized intothe air, allows easy multi-tasking with other household activities, andis not limited by number of doses or wipes. Because of this flexibility,the consumer has more control to make the exact use conditions suitableto the task.

The dispensing package can be used as a one-handed method of cleaning asurface, where the consumer grabs a substrate in her hand, pushes thesubstrate down on the reciprocating actuator top of the dispensingpackage with her hand, allows the actuator top to come up and dischargea cleaning composition from the dispensing package to the substrate, andwipes the surface with the substrate. The substrate can be a papertowel, facial tissue, sheet of toilet tissue, a napkin, a sponge, atowel, the consumer's fingers or any other suitable woven or nonwovensubstrate. Because the cleaning task takes only one hand, the other handis free to perform another activity, such as holding a telephone, eatinga snack and the task can be done quickly and easily without carrying thedispensing package to the area of the task.

Because the consumer is unfamiliar with the one-handed method ofcleaning a surface, certain use indications on the dispensing package,any exterior packaging, or on advertising may be necessary to providethe consumer instant instruction on the use of the dispensing package.In one embodiment, a hand is depicted over the dispensing package. Inanother embodiment, a hand holding a substrate is depicted over thedispensing package. In another embodiment, a hand holding a substrate(with an arrow pointing down) is depicted over the dispensing package,as shown in FIG. 9.

This method of cleaning of the invention has several advantages. If theconsumer is preparing dinner and using one hand to contact raw food suchas chicken that may contain microorganisms, then the consumer can usethe other hand to do one-handed cleaning and disinfection of the foodpreparation surface, such as a countertop. Using a traditional cleaningproduct, such as a spray bottle and paper towel, the consumer picks upthe spray bottle with the hand that has been potentially contaminatedwith microorganisms and transfers those microorganisms to the spraybottle. If the spray bottle or other product dispenser is contaminatedwith microorganisms, then the consumer can pick up and transfermicroorganisms from the product dispenser. In the case of the one-handedmethod of the invention, the consumer contacts the product dispenseronly at the actuator component which dispenses the disinfectingcomposition. In this case, there is less likelihood of transmission ofmicroorganisms from dispenser to hands or from hands to dispenser.

Another advantage of the method and package of the present invention iscontrol during delivery of the composition. With traditional spraydispensers, the consumer must attempt to fit the spray pattern of thespray bottle dispenser to the area to be cleaned. Frequently, thecleaning surface contains additional items, such as food or decorativeitems, which the consumer may not wish to contact with the cleaningcomposition. With the method and dispenser package of the invention, theconsumer can controllably apply the composition to the substrate andthen controllably apply the substrate containing the composition to thecleaning surface. If the consumer were to try spraying the substratewith a traditional spray dispenser, then some of the composition wouldbe aerosolized into the air and some of the composition would miss thesubstrate and contact other surfaces such as the hand or food items.

Another area of concern for consumers is microorganism contaminatedsurfaces within the bathroom, especially around the toilet area.Consumers have ready access to toilet tissue but no ready mechanism touse it for spot cleaning. The method of the invention allows theconsumer to use toilet tissue, which has limited wet strength andscrubbing strength, to spot clean surfaces around the toilet and otherbathroom surfaces without using two hands and without having to pick upthe dispensing package. With a suitable composition within thedispensing package, the consumer may also use the dispensing package andmethod of the invention for personal hygiene use.

With traditional dispensers such as trigger sprayers, the consumer haslimited ability to control the pattern of dispensing the compositiononto a surface or a substrate. In one case, the substrate, such assponges, may be rectangular and the dispensing system may deliver acircular application of product. To effectively apply product to asubstrate, such as a sponge, it may be desirable to apply thecomposition in a rectangular or oval fashion, where the applied productis dispersed more in one dimension than in the other dimension.Additionally, with the hand or a paper towel in a hand or a toilettissue in a hand, it may also be desirable to apply the composition tothe substrate in a non-circular fashion or where one dimension isgreater than another. The method of the invention has the advantage thatwith a properly designed actuator component and orifices in theactivator component, it may be possible to apply a non-circular patternwith one hand motion.

Some suitable substrates will not be stable long-term to all suitablecompositions, for example toilet tissue or a sheet of facial tissuequickly loses its tensile strength when saturated with cleaningcomposition. Therefore, it is most suitable to wet the toilet tissue orfacial tissue just before use. In some cases, the substrate loses atleast 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90% peak dry tensilestrength in machine or cross direction upon being loaded to fullsaturation with the composition. Peak dry tensile strength is themaximum load that a substrate can bear before breakingrupturing undertension. With the method of the invention, these substrates may beuseful for spot cleaning.

Other compositions are not stable on typical substrates, for examplehypochlorite, especially dilute hypochlorite, is not storage stable onmost nonwoven substrates as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,008,600 toKatsigras et al. Additionally, compositions of very high or low pH arenot generally storage stable on wipes or paper towels. Disinfectantcompositions containing quaternary ammonium disinfectants or othercationic disinfectants bind to most nonwovens, especially cellulosicnonwovens, on storage so that they are not effectively released. Theextent of binding can be measured by a quaternary recovery measurementon the wet substrate. The liquid squozate is acquired from the substrateby centrifugation after a seven day minimum requisite time ofsubstrate-lotion equilibration. Substrates are put into a centrifugedtube for analysis, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min, and the liquidanalyzed by HPLC. At equilibrium, the quaternary disinfectant showsubstantial binding to the substrate, for example, at least 10%, or 20%,or 30%, or 40%, or 50% by weight. However, the method of the invention,since it is quick and easy, lends itself to use of unstable substratesand unstable compositions, which may not be suitable under other methodsof use.

The present invention relates to disinfecting compositions which can beused to disinfect various surfaces including inanimate surfaces such ashard surfaces like walls, tiles, floors, countertops, tables, glass,bathroom surfaces, and kitchen surfaces. The hard-surfaces to treat withthe compositions herein are those typically found in houses likekitchens, bathrooms, e.g., tiles, walls, floors, chrome, glass, smoothvinyl, any plastic, plasticized wood, table top, sinks, cooker tops,dishes, sanitary fittings such as sinks, showers, shower curtains, washbasins, toilets and the like. Hard-surfaces also include householdappliances including, but not limited to, refrigerators, freezers,washing machines, automatic dryers, ovens, microwave ovens, dishwashersand so on.

The dispenser package can be used around the house, for example, onkitchen or bathroom surfaces. The dispenser package can be used inpublic places, for example, in schools and school classrooms. For usearound food, a food safe cleaner or disinfectant is suitable. Thedispenser package allows the user to quickly apply a sanitizing orcleaning solution to everyday cleaning tools, such as sponges, papertowels, toilet paper, facial tissue, etc. When applied, the sanitizingor cleaning solution transforms the everyday cleaning tool intoeffective cleaning or sanitizing tools.

Additional Embodiments

In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a small palm-sized pouch ofliquid cleaner that can be attached to any surface (e.g., side of apaper towel or facial tissue dispenser, under a cabinet, on arefrigerator, etc.) using dual-sided magnets or adhesive. A touch valvereleases cleaner onto your paper towel, toilet paper, sponge, rag, etc.when pressure is applied. It then automatically stops dispensing whenpressure is relieved to prevent dripping. The unit contains one cleaningpacket with adhesive backing and/or two magnets so that the consumer canattach the cleaner packet to any surface using dual-sided magnets. Theconsumer peels off backing of adhesive strip from cleaning packet, andattaches the packet to the first magnet and positions the cleaningpacket in the ideal location. If the surface is not metallic, theconsumer can place the second magnet directly behind surface wherecleaner is positioned to hold cleaning packet in place.

In one embodiment, the package dispenser is both a gel and mist cleaner.This dispenser is a dual dispensing cleaner that allows you to dispenseone cleaner or two different cleaners in two different forms, a gel anda mist or spray. The package has a gel pump on top that works with a topactuator component as described previously and a liquid misting sprayeron the side. The unit contains one cleaning bottle and optionally a wallmounting base and attachments. To use this embodiment, press and pumpyour paper towel on the cleaning gel actuator component. To use themisting spray, squeeze the trigger on the side.

In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a discreet and mountablecleaner dispenser. This package is a mountable cleaning product packagewith a press and pump dispenser. The package is thin and discreet, aboutthe size of a flattened tissue box. It can be mounted horizontally orvertically with adhesive to surface of your choice (e.g., undercabinets, side of counter, side of toilet tank, etc.). The unit containsone package dispenser with adhesive back. In another embodiment, thepackage dispenser is a hangable cleaner that can be hung anywhere (e.g.,shower door/curtain rod, towel rack, kitchen cabinet, shower head, etc.)with the hook on top. The dispenser has a valve on the bottom of thebottle that releases the composition when the actuator component ispushed.

In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a mountable or counterstanding dispenser that automatically dispenses the composition ontoyour paper towel, toilet paper, sponge, rag, etc. A sensor on thepackage dispenser works to activate the actuator component when you holdyour paper towel, toilet paper, sponge, rag, etc. under or over theactuator component. The unit package can contain wall-mounting andcounter-holding suction cups, dispensing machine, refillable cleanercartridge and battery. In one embodiment, this package dispenser isplugged into an outlet to run the sensor and pump.

In one embodiment, the package dispenser can be stamped directly ontothe cleaning or treatment surface. The consumer presses the entirebottle onto surface so that actuator depresses and product is applieddirectly to the surface. The consumer can then use whatever substrateshe prefers to distribute composition around the surface. The packagedispenser can be stored with the actuator component either facing up ordown near the surface. If the actuator component faces down to thesurface, it would be more ergonomic to apply because the consumer wouldnot have to turn it upside down and twist their wrist. Where it isdesirable to leave the composition on the surface for a desiredtreatment time, such as in fabric stain treatment or some personal caretreatments, the composition can be applied directly with the packagedispenser and then later treated with the substrate.

In one embodiment, the package dispenser is paper towel holder. Thepackage dispenser can fit in the center of a paper towel or toilet paperrole. The actuator component sticks out the top of the roll. Theconsumer can then easily remove a substrate from the roll and applyproduct to the substrate. In one embodiment, package dispenser is anaerosolized bottle that provides one-touch application of composition tothe substrate. The consumer could press and hold substrate to actuatorcomponent until the desired amount of composition was on substrate.

In one embodiment, the product or package contains directions to storethe substrate on top of the package, for example a sponge on top ofdispensing package actuator. In one embodiment, the product or packageincludes the dispensing package and substrates sold together, forexample paper towels with the dispensing package. In one embodiment,several dispensing packages are bundled in multi-packs, for example adispensing package containing dish soap and a dispensing packagecontaining a kitchen cleaner. In one example, the dispensing package issold with one or more refills.

While this detailed description includes specific examples according tothe invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there aremany variations of these examples that would nevertheless fall withinthe general scope of the invention and for which protection is sought inthe appended claims.

1. A capping system comprising: a first part having a restriction, therestriction creating a first cross-sectional shape on the first part; asecond part having a second cross-sectional shape that corresponds tothe first cross-sectional shape on the first part.
 2. The capping systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the restriction includes circumferentiallydiscontinuous threads.
 3. The capping system according to claim 2,wherein: the first part is a male part and the first cross-sectionalshape is an outer perimeter cross-sectional shape; and the second partis a female part having an opening with an inner perimeter shape, theinner perimeter shape being the second cross-sectional shape.
 4. Thebottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the female partincludes an extended skirt; the opening on the female part is located ona bottom of the extended skirt; the extended skirt has a lengthsufficient for the opening to clear the circumferentially discontinuousthreads on the male part when the circumferentially discontinuousthreads of the male part engage threads on the female part.
 5. Thebottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the male partincludes at least one truncation on at least a portion of the threads;the female part includes at least one wedge formed in a bottom insidediameter of the female part, the truncation aligns with the wedge whenthe female part is placed on the male part prior to threading the femalepart with the male part.
 6. The bottle capping system according to claim5, wherein; the male part includes four truncations and the female partincludes four wedges, the truncations are formed symmetrically about thecircumference of the male part and the wedges are formed symmetricallyabout the bottom inside diameter of the female part.
 7. The bottlecapping system according to claim 5, wherein the female part includes anextended skirt having a length sufficient for the wedges to clear thetruncations before the male part threads engage the female part threads.8. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the malepart includes at least one channel cut through the threads; the femalepart includes at least one protrusion formed in a bottom inside diameterof the female part, the protrusion aligning with the channel when thefemale part is placed on the male part prior to threading the femalepart with the male part.
 9. The bottle capping system according to claim8, wherein the male part includes one channel and the female partincludes one protrusion.
 10. The bottle capping system according toclaim 8, wherein the male part includes four channels and the femalepart includes four protrusions, the channels are formed symmetricallyabout the circumference of the male part and the protrusions are formedsymmetrically about the bottom inside diameter of the female part. 11.The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the male partincludes at least two projections extending from a side of the malepart; the female part includes an opening formed in a bottom insidediameter of the female part, the opening matches a cross-section of themale part such that the projections fit into the opening when the femalepart is placed on the male part prior to threading the female part withthe male part.
 12. The bottle capping system according to claim 11,wherein the male part includes four projections, the projections areformed symmetrically about a circumference of the male part.
 13. Thebottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein the female part isformed integrally with a pump dispensing package, thereby allowing onlybottles having a corresponding male part to be used in the pumpdispensing package.
 14. A capping system comprising: a male part havingthreads and a male discontinuity, the male part having an outerperimeter cross-sectional shape; the male discontinuity selected fromthe group consisting of a truncation and a channel; a female part havinga female discontinuity selected from the group consisting of a wedge anda protrusion.
 15. The bottle capping system according to claim 14,further comprising: between two and four truncations on at least aportion of the threads of the male part, the truncations formedsymmetrically about the male part; and between two and four wedgesformed symmetrically in a bottom inside diameter of the female part, thetruncations aligning with the wedges when the female part is placed onthe male part prior to threading the female part with the male part. 16.The bottle capping system according to claim 14, further comprising: atleast one channel cut through the threads of the male part; and at leastone protrusion formed in a bottom inside diameter of the female part,the protrusion aligning with the channel when the female part is placedon the male part prior to threading the female part with the male part.17. The bottle capping system according to claim 16, wherein the malepart includes between two and four channels and the female part includesbetween two and four protrusions, wherein the channels are formedsymmetrically about a circumference of the male part and the protrusionsare formed symmetrically about the bottom inside diameter of the femalepart.
 18. A bottle capping system comprising: a male part including ahollow tube with at least two projections extending therefrom; a femalepart having an opening in a bottom inside diameter of the female part,the opening sized to allow the projections and the hollow tube of themale part to pass therethrough, thereby allowing threads of the malepart to engage with threads of the female part.
 19. The bottle cappingsystem according to claim 18, further comprising an extended skirt onthe female part having a length sufficient for the projections to clearthe opening before the threads of the male part engage the threads ofthe female part.
 20. The bottle capping system according to claim 18,wherein the male part includes four projections, wherein the projectionsare formed symmetrically about a circumference of the hollow tube. 21.The bottle capping system according to claim 18, wherein a bottle hasthe male part formed integrally therewith.
 22. The bottle capping systemaccording to claim 18, wherein the male part frictionally fits into aninside diameter of a bottle.